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.If I were toclick the fire hydrant when the dog layer is active and the All Layers check box isturned off, I d fill everything around the dog.The paint bucket can t see the hydrant;all the paint bucket can see is the transparent area of the dog layer, so it would tryto fill that area.To avoid this, I selected All Layers and then clicked on the hydrant.With All Layers on, the paint bucket can see all layers, so it contains its fill withinthe hydrant, as in the middle example of the figure. Chapter 6 &' Filling and Stroking229Figure 6-4: Although dog and hydrant are on separate layers(top), I can mix them together with Use All Layers.This optionenables me to fill an area of the hydrant (middle), eventhough the dog layer is active.Then I paint in front of andbehind the fill without harming the hydrant (bottom). Part II &' Painting and Retouching230Because the fill and hydrant are on separate layers, I could edit the two independently.I used the airbrush to paint inside and behind the fill (using the Behind brush mode,discussed in the previous chapter).I painted the teeth and eyes with the paintbrushand used the smudge tool to mix colors around the white fill.(Naturally, I had to turnon the All Layers check box on the Options bar when working with the smudge tool aswell.) As a result, all the bizarre alterations you see in the bottom example of Figure6-4 were applied to the dog layer.I didn t change a single pixel in the hydrant layer(which is a good thing in light of my changes, I might like to get that hydrant back).TipTo limit the area affected by the paint bucket, select a portion of the image beforeusing the tool.As when using a paint or edit tool, the region outside the selectionoutline is protected from the paint bucket.To see an interesting application of this,skip ahead to the Using the paint bucket inside a selection section later in thischapter.When working on a layer, you can protect pixels by locking the layer s transparency inthe Layers palette.Like all layering issues, I cover the locking options in Chapter 12.TipHere s one more paint bucket tip for good measure: You can use the paint bucket tocolor the empty window area around your image.First, make your image windowlarger than your image, so you can see some gray canvas area around the image.Now Shift-click with the paint bucket to fill the canvas area with the foregroundcolor.This technique can come in handy if you re creating a presentation or yousimply don t care for the default shade of gray.The Fill commandThe one problem with the paint bucket tool is its lack of precision.Although thetool is undeniably convenient, the effects of the Tolerance value are so difficult topredict that you typically have to click with the tool, choose Edit ª' Undo when youdon t like the result, adjust the Tolerance value, and reclick several times morebefore you fill the image as desired.For my part, I rarely use the paint bucket forany purpose other than filling same-colored areas.On my machine, the Toleranceoption is nearly always set to 0 and Anti-alias is generally off, which puts me rightback in the all-the-subtlety-of-dumping-paint-out-of-a-bucket camp.A better option is to choose Edit ª' Fill or press Shift+Backspace.(If you prefer func-tion keys, try Shift+F5.) In this way, you can define the exact area of the image youwant to color using the entire range of Photoshop s selection tools.For example,instead of putting your faith in the paint bucket tool s Anti-aliased option, you candraw a selection outline that features hard edges in one area, antialiased edges else-where, and downright blurry edges in between.If you want to fill an entire layer, you don t need to create a selection outline before66choosing Fill as you did in past versions of Photoshop.The program assumes thatyou want to fill the whole layer if it doesn t see a selection outline.(The DynamicFill and Layer Style commands provide additional ways to fill a layer; see Chapter12 for details on how these fills differ from those you create with the Fill command.)Photoshop Chapter 6 &' Filling and Stroking231Selection outline or no, choosing the Fill command displays the dialog box shownin Figure 6-5.In this dialog box, you can apply a translucent color or pattern byentering a value in the Opacity option box.You can also choose a brush mode fromthe Mode pop-up menu.In addition to its inherent precision, the Fill command pro-vides all the functionality of the paint bucket tool and then some.Click for menuFigure 6-5: The Fill dialog box combines the opacity and brush mode optionsavailable for the paint bucket with an expanded collection of fill content options.If you display the Use pop-up menu, you see a collection of fills that you can apply.66Foreground Color and Pattern behave the same as they do for the paint bucket tool.When you select Pattern, the Custom Pattern option becomes available, as shownin the bottom dialog box in Figure 6-5.Click the icon to display the Pattern drop-down palette, which also works just as described in the preceding section.Click anicon to select a pattern; click the right-pointing arrow to display the palette menuand load a different pattern preset.Photoshop Part II &' Painting and Retouching232Cross- To find out how to load, save, edit, and create custom pattern presets, see the sec-Referencetion in Chapter 5 that discusses the Brushes panel of the Preset Manager dialogbox.You use the same techniques for brush presets and pattern presets.You can also fill a selection with the background color and such monochromeoptions as Black, White, and 50% Gray.Black and White are useful if the foregroundand background colors have been changed from their defaults; 50% Gray fills theselection with the absolute medium color without having to mess around with theColor palette.History enables you to revert the selected area to a previous appear-ance, as I discuss at length in Chapter 7.The Preserve Transparency option gives you the same result as locking the activelayer s transparency in the Layers palette, which you can read about in Chapter 12.If you select Preserve Transparency, you can t fill transparent pixels in the activelayer.Turn Preserve Transparency off, and you can fill the selection outline uni-formly.(The option is dimmed when you re working on the background layer or ifyou already locked the layer s transparency in the Layers palette.)Backspace-key techniquesOf all the fill techniques, the Backspace key is by far the most convenient and, inmost respects, every bit as capable as the others.The key s only failing is that itcan neither fill a selection with a repeating pattern nor revert a selection to a previ-ous state.But with the exception of those two items, you can rely on the Backspacekey for the overwhelming majority of your fill needs.Here s how to get a ton of functionality out of Backspace:&' Background color, method 1: To fill a selection on the background layer withsolid background color, press Backspace.The selection outline remains intact.Caution&' Background color, method 2: The problem with pressing Backspace is that it sunreliable.If the selection is floating, as I explain in Chapter 8, the Backspacekey deletes it.The Backspace key also erases pixels on a layer.So there s no timelike the present to get into a new habit press Ctrl+Backspace instead.Ctrl+Backspace fills the selection with the background color, no matter where it is.&' Foreground color: To fill a selection or a layer with solid foreground color, pressAlt+Backspace.This works when filling floating and nonfloating selections alike
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