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.ÿþMorgan and Michael L.Nicholls, Slaves in Piedmont Virginia, 1720 1790, WMQ 3d ser., 46 (1989):211 51.They demonstrate that almost half of all African immigrants into Virginia between 1725 and1775 were acquired by Piedmont planters.Ibid., 218.See also Sidbury, Ploughshares into Swords, 29.14.The baptism of slaves doth not exempt them from bondage. Hening, 3:460 (1705).15.James Blair to the Bishop of London, 28 June 1729, Fulham Papers, 12:134 35.Blair apparentlywas instrumental in shaping recommendations John Locke prepared for the Board of Trade in 1697,which, while recognizing the difficulties in instructing and converting slaves, proposed that allNegroes be brought to Church on Sundays and that a law be passed requiring their baptism andcatechetical instruction.Michael Kammen, ed., Virginia at the Close of the Seventeenth Century:An Appraisal by James Blair and John Locke, VMHB 74 (1966): 167.16.James Blair to the Bishop of London, 20 July 1730, Fulham Papers, 12:152 53.17.James Blair to the Bishop of London, 14 May, 1731, ibid., 12:163 65.Governor Gooch blamedthe trouble on a rumor supposedly circulating among slaves to the effect that George I had or-dered the release from slavery of all blacks who were Christians and that Governor Spotswood, towhom the order was addressed, had suppressed it.Intensified patrolling by the militia and severewhipping of some suspects appeared to have quieted everything down.Six weeks after the initialthreat, however, a more serious situation developed in Norfolk and Princess Anne Counties whenabout two hundred Negroes on a Sunday during the time of public worship met together in secretand purportedly chose men to lead a rebellion.The plot was discovered and four ringleaders wereexecuted.During the excitement the governor ordered militiamen to carry arms to church.Goochassured the bishop that the majority of slaves having kind Masters live much better than our poorlabouring Men in England, but he did admit that there were some notoriously bad masters ( theyuse their Negros no better than their Cattle ).By his acknowledgment of the latter, the governorinferred a connection between brutal treatment and slave unrest, but he was at a loss to know how todeal with this minority of cruel slaveowners.Gov.William Gooch to the Bishop of London, 28 May1731, ibid., 12:169 71; Brydon, 2:48 49; Richard Morton, Colonial Virginia, 2 vols.(Chapel Hill, N.C.,1960), 2:523 24.Earlier in 1722, a threatened slave insurrection was quashed.Ibid., 2:491.See alsoTate, Negro in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg, 205 7.18.Alexander Rhonnald to the Rev.John Waring, 27 September 1762, in Van Horne, ed., ReligiousPhilanthropy, 182.Rhonnald did not hold his black neophytes in much regard: Negro Children ingeneral are very dull & Stupid, & they will always be for telling Tales to the prejudice of the Teacher,to which,.their Masters or Mistresses will most greedily listen, & the Such Persons are ruin dfor ever. Ibid.19. Philagathus to the Bishop of London, 30 May 1732, Fulham Papers, 12:180.20.Adam Dickie to Henry Newman, 27 June 1732, ibid., 12:182 83.Dickie noted the special cir-cumstances arising in ministering to slaves.He asked Newman to obtain from the bishop of Londonrulings on three particularly troubling matters: (1) If Christian Slaves ought not to Marry and notlive after their own Manner or (which is very often the Case) if they Marry being of two DifferentFamilys and the master of the one Removes off or sells one so that they have no opportunity ofcoming together whether then the party s may not then marry again ; (2) If Christian Slaves maynot be admitted as Sureties at Baptism for one anothers Children because very few People will standfor their Slaves? and if persons of Riper Years may not be admitted to Baptism without Sureties,when they can Distinctly Answer for themselves and can not get Sureties? ; and (3) If ChristianSlaves might not to be allowed to be Churched and Enjoy the other Privileges of Christianity whenthey desire it? Ibid.There is no extant record of a response.21.Adam Dickie to Henry Newman, 27 June 1732, ibid.12:182 83.22.Perry, 1:301.23.John Garzia, n.d., Fulham Papers, 12:144 45.24.Otto Lohrenz, The Reverend AlexanderWhite of Colonial Virginia: His Career and Status, Fides et Historia 24 (1992): 60.25.James Marye to Rev.John Waring, 25 September 1764, in Van Horne, ed., Religious Philanthropy,219,26.In the four years between1746 and1749, the register records131 slave baptisms; figures for1750.442 notes to pages 263 65
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